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Shooting & Reloading - Mausers, Big Bores and others >> Big Bore Rifles

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NitroXAdministrator
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Question:Early big bore bolt action rifles?
      #370050 - 09/10/22 01:03 AM

Just a discussion question out of interest.

Early in the twentieth century in the first decade, we saw the invention of the bolt action cartridges,the .404 Jeffery, to duplicate the .400 DR cartridges for a bolt action. Later the .416 Rigby and the .425 WR.

The big bore cartridges of the time appear to have wisely been double rifle flanged cartridges such as the .450/400, 450s, .465, .470. .500. .577 etc. Or for shorter pockets single shots in the same.

Before the very much later invention of the .458 Win Mag, were there any early equivalent calibre bolt action cartridges choices? Particularly in the .450 to .480 range?

I can think of a counter comment but will hold back.

And a couple of bolt action cartridges in a greater calibre have spring to mind.

Comments?

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John aka NitroX

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Edited by NitroX (09/10/22 02:44 AM)


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crshelton
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Re: Question:Early big bore bolt action rifles? [Re: NitroX]
      #370052 - 09/10/22 01:58 AM


This 1886 Winchester .45-90 fired a flanged cartridge like this:

2.4 inch case with bullets from 300 to 500 grains and more.
The 1886 .45-90 did well in Africa in the old days and STILL does. At least mine did well.

Bolt actions? I prefer my 1886 lever action for up close action.

Sharps also made single shots back then.

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3DogMike
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Re: Question:Early big bore bolt action rifles? [Re: crshelton]
      #370054 - 09/10/22 02:06 AM

……….. back to Nitro John's original question: "Early Big Bore Bolt Action Rifles"



There was the Cogswell and Harrison "CERTUS" which was, via updated patent in 1900, offered in the large cordite Nitro Express cartridges.
Their 1903 catalog advertises .450/.400 3 1/4", .450 3 1/4", and .450 No.2 3 1/2".
The .450/.400 and .450 NE cartridges were both offered in special proprietary "CERTUS RIFLES" loadings. The .400 loads with what amounted to "tropical" loads of Cordite and, in the case of the .450, a 440 grain bullet vs the usual .450 NE 480 grain bullet.
The .450 No.2 was, due to its size, a single shot but none the less was a bolt action.

Have not seen mention of any surviving .450 No.2, but there are (mine included) a few .400's and .450's to be found.

The CERTUS is/was certainly an odd duck (tho it worked) and was only marketed for a few years.
IMO once Rigby introduced the Magnum Mauser action it was all over for the very unique C&H CERTUS.
- Mike





ADDED: not to denigrate Winchester rifles and their .45 and .50 cartridge offerings, but the original factory loadings of such were simply not in the same league as the big Cordite Nitro Express cartridges.
The afore touted .45-90 2.4" cartridge was originally loaded with 300-330 grain bullets at about 1550'/sec with a slow 1:32 twist and could not stabilize 450-500 grain bullets. There was a 450 grain loading for rifles with a faster twist, still limited to black powder velocities. Later on there was a "High Velocity" .45-90 300 grain bullet smokeless load at ~1970'/sec which would basically duplicate the old .450 3 1/4" Express "Nitro for Black" loadings.



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Huvius
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Re: Question:Early big bore bolt action rifles? [Re: 3DogMike]
      #370060 - 09/10/22 04:26 AM

There was a long gap between the 404, 425 & 416 and the 458WinMag.
I guess there wasn't the craze of trotting out the "New and Improved" that we see in the last 25 years or so.
The 500 Jeffery (& 500 Schuler) came out in that gap - 1926 I think, but after that, not much with commercial success was launched until 1956 when the 458 was introduced.

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crshelton
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Re: Question:Early big bore bolt action rifles? [Re: Huvius]
      #370070 - 09/10/22 06:27 AM

3DOGMIKE,
THANKS FOR THE DETAIL ON THE EVOLUTION OF THE WINCHESTER 45-90 CARTRIDGE.

In my own experience, I found the 300 grain Winchester cartridges at 1850 fps to be adequate for deer, elk, Nilgai, etc in the USA.

For Africa we had 450 grain NF loaded to 2150 fps by Grizzly cartridge. Those shot through ele heads, buff, etc from my 1886 with 26 inch barrel.

My only other .458 big bore is a DR that has not yet been to Africa.

--------------------
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NitroXAdministrator
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Re: Question:Early big bore bolt action rifles? [Re: 3DogMike]
      #370089 - 09/10/22 08:11 PM

Quote:

……….. back to Nitro John's original question: "Early Big Bore Bolt Action Rifles"



There was the Cogswell and Harrison "CERTUS" which was, via updated patent in 1900, offered in the large cordite Nitro Express cartridges.
Their 1903 catalog advertises .450/.400 3 1/4", .450 3 1/4", and .450 No.2 3 1/2".
The .450/.400 and .450 NE cartridges were both offered in special proprietary "CERTUS RIFLES" loadings. The .400 loads with what amounted to "tropical" loads of Cordite and, in the case of the .450, a 440 grain bullet vs the usual .450 NE 480 grain bullet.
The .450 No.2 was, due to its size, a single shot but none the less was a bolt action.

Have not seen mention of any surviving .450 No.2, but there are (mine included) a few .400's and .450's to be found.

The CERTUS is/was certainly an odd duck (tho it worked) and was only marketed for a few years.
IMO once Rigby introduced the Magnum Mauser action it was all over for the very unique C&H CERTUS.
- Mike










I mentioned a counter argument in my opening post. This was from a thought about the Certus bolt action repeaters using .450 sized NE cartridges.

At a small fraction of the price of a double rifle.

So if I was a "poor" Abadare mountains farmer facing elephant, rhino and buffalo galore in the thick jungle and bamboo thickets maybe a Certus could be acquired. But they were fairly rare. So probably a .303 or a 8x57 might still be carried.

--------------------
John aka NitroX

...
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"I love the smell of cordite in the morning."
"A Sharp spear needs no polish"


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NitroXAdministrator
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Re: Question:Early big bore bolt action rifles? [Re: Huvius]
      #370090 - 09/10/22 08:19 PM

Quote:

There was a long gap between the 404, 425 & 416 and the 458WinMag.
I guess there wasn't the craze of trotting out the "New and Improved" that we see in the last 25 years or so.
The 500 Jeffery (& 500 Schuler) came out in that gap - 1926 I think, but after that, not much with commercial success was launched until 1956 when the 458 was introduced.




My old-timers allowed me to only think of the .500 Jeffery and the .505 Gibbs only when creating the opening post.

First funny, no bolt action .450 was created until the .458 Win Mag some 50 years later. When the NE cartridges were dying ...

When were the .500 Jeffery / Schuler created? And the .505 Gibbs?


Any other greater than .375 bolt action cartridges?

--------------------
John aka NitroX

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Govt get out of our lives NOW!
"I love the smell of cordite in the morning."
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wkudu
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Re: Question:Early big bore bolt action rifles? [Re: NitroX]
      #370755 - 26/10/22 12:18 PM

505 was 1911.

IT is weird that the 450 reigned supreme yet wasnt made into a bolt gun by a big manufacturer. Pretty sure wildcatters had done it tho


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Hunter4752001
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Re: Question:Early big bore bolt action rifles? [Re: wkudu]
      #370799 - 27/10/22 11:14 AM

110.75x68 Mauser introduced in 1920s.
I think we're looking at an era when the medium bores dominated the market especially cartridges like the 375 H&H and the 9.3x62. However the key was probably that there were enough cartridges to do the job and no need to create the latest greatest variants. Having a restricted range of cartridges probably also helped supply in far flung regions of Africa and India. The British restrictions on 45 calibres for India may have still had an effect.


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DarylS
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Re: Question:Early big bore bolt action rifles? [Re: NitroX]
      #370801 - 27/10/22 01:25 PM

Quote:


First funny, no bolt action .450 was created until the .458 Win Mag some 50 years later. When the NE cartridges were dying ...





What Was the lonnnngggggg actioned bolt rifle chambered in .450 Nitro?

--------------------
Daryl


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Marrakai
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Re: Question:Early big bore bolt action rifles? [Re: DarylS]
      #370808 - 27/10/22 07:52 PM

I'm fairly CERTain Ash can answer that one!

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kuduae
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Re: Question:Early big bore bolt action rifles? [Re: Hunter4752001]
      #370812 - 28/10/22 12:37 AM

Quote:

110.75x68 Mauser introduced in 1920s.



The 10.75x68 Mauser was introduced in 1909 as a longer necked, slightly more powerfull version of the Austrian 10.75x63 from about 1906. Of the same age, 1906, was the 11.2x60 Schüler which used a 332 gr, .440" bullet and 62 gr R5 powder for 2230 fps.


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3DogMike
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Re: Question:Early big bore bolt action rifles? [Re: DarylS]
      #370834 - 28/10/22 05:58 AM

Quote:

Quote:


First funny, no bolt action .450 was created until the .458 Win Mag some 50 years later. When the NE cartridges were dying ...





What Was the lonnnngggggg actioned bolt rifle chambered in .450 Nitro?




Daryl,
Check the first part of this thread where I mention the Cogswell & Harrison CERTUS. They were available in .450 Nitro; given the relatively short life of the CERTUS, and the early 1900's ban on .450 in India and Sudan, I'm not sure how wide spread they were.
Most surviving CERTUS rifles seen these days seem to be .450/.400 3 1/4" Nitro.
- Mike

--------------------
"Will Rogers never met a fighter pilot"
- Anon

“Always carry a flask of whiskey in case of snakebite, and furthermore always carry a small snake."
-- W. C. Fields


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DarylS
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Re: Question:Early big bore bolt action rifles? [Re: 3DogMike]
      #370844 - 28/10/22 01:40 PM

Mike - that is the rifle I meant.
I guess I didn't read your post. My apologies.
I have now.


--------------------
Daryl


"a gun without hammers is like a Spaniel without ears" King George V


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