I'm really sorry that I don't understand the specifics of recoil but then I don't understand the preference some people have for strawberrry ice cream or why some people require more pain killer than others . I think it's the heigth of egotism for someone to tell me what MY tolerance for pain is. As to knowledge of firearms I have been a gunsmith for over 50 years (school trained) and probably owned 15 double rifles from 8mm thru 470. I DO NOT like recoil and see no earthly reason to contend with it if I don't have to. For some reason the double rifle seems to make some people believe it is a living thing that cannot be criticised by a mere mortal and under no circumstance can it be changed from it's original configuration especially if it is of English origin. I for one don't hold to this belief. Sorry to have offended the sensibilities of some of the readers with my views.