There were literally dozens of cartridges with those general dimensions in 1880-90 Gremany; the best single reference is Dixon's "European Sporting Cartridges" which at least gives some dimensional data if no ballistics. The only real answer to this question is to make a chamber cast and find whatever components give the best fit. I'd be happy to help with the ID once you have measurements. Ballistically you're talking about black powder performance in the .450 #1 Carbine or .45-60 range.