It really depends greatly upon the bullet's construction, the bullet's velocity, and what the bullet hits.

Big bore solids do not seem to generate as much damage as a 30-06, 165gr Corelokt. I am speaking of .458 and .510 in solids, by the way.

Having said that, a 405gr Remington FP (45-70 bullet) travelling at 2270 fps out of a 458 Win mag generates massive tissue trauma, read BIG wound channel, in an elk or large bodies whit tail deer (probably in smaller ones too just haven't shot any).

The 570 gr Woodleigh soft point does considerably more damage than a 200gr SGK in the body of a bison. The big Woodleigh having a muzzle velocity of ~ 2350 fps generates a wound channel ~ 4" diameter, while the 200gr SGK with a muzzle velocity of ~ 2800 fps generates a wound channel ~ 2" in diameter.

Have shot feral dogs with 190 SMK and they did a considerable amount of damage. I have also shot feral dogs with a 416 Rigby and 410 Woodleigh softs, which only made 0.416" holes completely through the animals carcass. Both killed with stunning authority.

So I would have to say that a thin jacketed big bore bullet driven at suitable speed will generate far more tissue trauma than a small or medium bore bullet of stouter construction, even though it is driven at greater speed. Conversely, a stoutly constructed big bore bullet will typically produce less tissue trauma than a like constructed medium bore bullet when the medium bore bullet is driven faster than the big bore bullet.

Just my opinions based upon personal experiences I have had.

Scott