I had a DR in 500 3 1/4" that had obviously had plenty
of 3" rounds fired in it as it had eroded the front of the
chambers.

As a result if you fired 500 3 1/4" cases in it they would "bell"
slightly at the front and stop the extractors from pulling the
cases out so you could grab them.

So I would say lots of firing would probably cause a problem
but the odd few, no.

However I wouldn't do it in my rifles.

500 Nitro