State licenses have nothing to do with guiding. Each state may have different laws, but here, a non-resident can buy the necessary license/tag and just go hunting. Hunt on state, federal or timber company land or get permission from a rancher or farmer and hunt. You do not need a guide to hunt. Other states differ, Alaska, for example requires guides for non-resident hunters for certain animals.

Guides charge for the services they provide. In Idaho, I've never heard of "trophy fees" exactly like they are done in SA or elsewhere in Africa, but some guides might charge such fees, I don't know. As for contracts, it is probably all over the map, some requiring them, some not. I'm guessing most do.

Also, there is no trophy fee charged by the state. I can shoot a doe or a buck, a spike or a 6x6, my choice. Obviously most non-res hunters are looking for big bucks, bulls, etc.

There are numerous Game Management Units in the state. Each GMU has different requirements and some have limits on # of tags sold, or have special draw/lottery-only hunts, for game management purposes, i.e. to limit the total take of animals in that specific unit. Remember, we have NOTHING like the carrying capacity or total numbers of game animals that you have there. Hunting is light years harder here than there. That is a generalized statement of course, but you might make a half dozen trips here to find a decent bull elk, not even a big trophy mind you, but just a decent bull. In fact, you might easily make a legitimately guided trip to Idaho and never see an elk! Success rates for guided bull elk hunts are low, something like 30% I believe. There are many, many local hunters who have hunted their whole lives, spent 20 years hunting and never killed a really big bull elk.