I take your point but remember you're talking about the way it works in your industry and/or in your industry and culture.

We're talking about Africa here and the rule of when in Rome should be applied.

The tip to the PH is slightly different to the tip to the staff in that unless he's a newbie and only just beginning his professional career, hit tip is probably not as important to him as a tip might be to a tracker etc. Although you are right in that any tip should be considered a bonus and there should be no bad feelings if it's either not forthcoming or smaller than hoped.

I did notice that the original poster had said he'd tried and failed to get hold of his outfitter......... and deliberately didn't comment on that because there's a lot of variables and pretty much any comment I could make would be uninformed and useless, so I decided it better not to address the issue at all.