GV, I think long range is an inexact term for hunting.

I think 400 metres is long range.

Some guys might think 600, 800 metres is long range.

What is ethical?

One advantage today is range finders.

Another is bigger scopes, A 12x , 16x, easier for LR than a 4x.

My opinion is it's a shot where one has a high assurance of killing the beast nine times out of ten. With the first shot.

I seriously doubt the 800 metre wildlife snipers do that in reality. Videos show the successful shots. What is the wind doing over thatb800 metres?

PS I disagree with your position on good classic cartridges. But understand why many want a flat high velocity shooter for expensive paid hunts and trophies in mountainous terrain.